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WHAT CAUSES SMALL CELL CARCINOMA AND SMALL CELL CARCINOMA TREATMENTS
Small cell lung
cancer, also known as small cell carcinoma, is a type of lung cancer that is
characterized by the small size of the cancer cells. The main known cause of
small cell lung cancer is smoking. It is estimated that around 80-85% of cases
of small cell lung cancer are caused by smoking.
Smoking damages the
DNA in the cells of the lungs, leading to mutations that can cause cancer. The
more a person smokes, and the longer they smoke, the greater the risk of small
cell lung cancer. Even exposure to secondhand smoke can increase the risk of
small cell lung cancer.
Other risk factors
for small cell lung cancer include:
Exposure to radon
gas: Radon is a naturally occurring gas that is found in soil and rock. It can
seep into homes and buildings through cracks in the foundation, and high levels
of radon have been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer.
Exposure to
asbestos: Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was widely used in
construction and other industries for many years. Exposure to asbestos can
increase the risk of lung cancer, including small cell lung cancer.
Air pollution:
Long-term exposure to air pollution can increase the risk of lung cancer, including
small cell lung cancer.
Exposure to certain
chemicals: Exposure to certain chemicals, such as uranium or nickel, can
increase the risk of small cell lung cancer.
Family history: A
family history of lung cancer, especially small cell lung cancer, can increase
the risk of developing the disease.
It's worth noting
that a small percentage of small cell lung cancer cases occur in people who
have never smoked. Additionally, exposure to multiple risk factors can increase
the risk of developing small cell lung cancer.
In summary, the
main known cause of small cell lung cancer is smoking, and around 80-85% of
cases of small cell lung cancer are caused by smoking. Other risk factors
include exposure to radon gas, asbestos, air pollution, certain chemicals and a
family history of lung cancer. It's worth noting that a small percentage of
small cell lung cancer cases occur in people who have never smoked and exposure
to multiple risk factors can increase the risk of developing small cell lung
cancer.
small cell carcinoma treatments
Small cell lung
cancer, also known as small cell carcinoma, is a type of lung cancer that is
characterized by the small size of the cancer cells. It is an aggressive and
fast-growing cancer that typically starts in the bronchi, the larger airways of
the lungs. Treatment options for small cell lung cancer include surgery,
radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
Surgery: Surgery is
typically only an option for small cell lung cancer that is found in an early stage
and has not spread to other parts of the body. This can include a lobectomy,
which is the removal of a lobe of the lung, or a pneumonectomy, which is the
removal of an entire lung.
Radiation therapy:
Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells. It can be used
as a primary treatment or in combination with chemotherapy. It is often used to
reduce symptoms and to control the growth of the cancer.
Chemotherapy:
Chemotherapy is the primary treatment option for small cell lung cancer. The
chemotherapy regimen most commonly used is called cisplatin and etoposide. It
is usually given intravenously, and it can be given alone or in combination
with radiation therapy.
Immunotherapy:
Immunotherapy is a newer type of treatment that helps the body's immune system
recognize and attack cancer cells. It is showing promise in treating small cell
lung cancer and is being studied in clinical trials.
Targeted therapy:
Targeted therapy is a type of treatment that targets specific molecules that
are involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells. Some targeted therapies
are being studied in clinical trials for small cell lung cancer and is showing
promise.
Palliative care:
Palliative care is focused on relieving symptoms and improving the quality of
life for those living with the disease, it is often provided in addition to the
other treatments.
It's worth noting
that the treatment options will vary depending on the stage of the cancer, the
overall health of the patient, and the patient's preferences. Additionally,
ongoing research and clinical trials are ongoing to find new and effective
treatments for small cell lung cancer.
In summary,
treatment options for small cell lung cancer include surgery, radiation
therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and palliative care.
The treatment options will vary depending on the stage of the cancer, the
overall health of the patient, and the patient's preferences. Additionally,
ongoing research and clinical trials are ongoing to find new and effective treatments
for small cell lung cancer.
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